本文和大家分享的主要是使用python獲取Linux或Windows系統(tǒng)的基本信息相關(guān)介紹,希望對大家學(xué)習(xí)python有所幫助。程序執(zhí)行后,看起來就像登錄Ubuntu Linux系統(tǒng)時(shí)提示的motd信息一樣,可以看到:
1.系統(tǒng)的類型、發(fā)行版本(具體信息)、內(nèi)核版本等
2.當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)的時(shí)間、時(shí)區(qū)
3.系統(tǒng)每一個(gè)CPU核心的負(fù)載和CPU整體負(fù)載
4.進(jìn)程數(shù)量
5.根分區(qū)的磁盤空間,Windows下默認(rèn)C盤
6.登錄的用戶總數(shù)和每一個(gè)登錄到系統(tǒng)的用戶的信息
7.內(nèi)存和交換分區(qū)的利用率
8.默認(rèn)網(wǎng)卡的IP地址
9.系統(tǒng)啟動時(shí)間和已運(yùn)行時(shí)間
運(yùn)行截圖如下:
?。?/span>1)Linux下截圖:
(2)Windows下截圖:
Python代碼如下:
#!/usr/bin/python# encoding: utf-8# -*- coding: utf8 -*-"""
Created by PyCharm.
File: LinuxBashShellScriptForOps:getSystemStatus.py
User: Guodong
Create Date: 2016/8/18
Create Time: 15:32
"""import platformimport psutilimport subprocessimport osimport sysimport timeimport reimport prettytable
mswindows = (sys.platform == "win32") # learning from 'subprocess' module
linux = (sys.platform == "linux2")
def getLocalIP():
import netifaces
routingNicName = netifaces.gateways()['default'][netifaces.AF_INET][1]
for interface in netifaces.interfaces():
if interface == routingNicName:
try:
routingIPAddr = netifaces.ifaddresses(interface)[netifaces.AF_INET][0]['addr']
return interface, routingIPAddr
except KeyError:
pass
def getUser():
if linux:
proc_obj = subprocess.Popen(r'tty', shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)
tty = proc_obj.communicate()[0]
else:
tty = []
user_object = psutil.users()
for login in user_object:
username, login_tty, login_host, login_time = [suser for suser in login]
print username, login_tty, login_host, time.strftime('%b %d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(login_time)),
if login_tty in tty:
print '**current user**'
else:
def getTimeZone():
return time.strftime("%Z", time.gmtime())
def getTimeNow():
now = time.strftime('%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y %Z', time.localtime(time.time()))
return now
def printHeader():
if linux:
try:
with open('/etc/issue') as f:
content = f.read().strip()
output_list = re.split(r' \\', content)
linux_type = list(output_list)[0]
except IOError:
pass
else:
if linux_type is not None:
return "Welcome to %s (%s %s %s)\n System information as of %s" % (
linux_type, platform.system(), platform.release(), platform.machine(), getTimeNow()
)
else:
return
if mswindows:
def get_system_encoding():
import codecs
import locale
"""
The encoding of the default system locale but falls back to the given
fallback encoding if the encoding is unsupported by python or could
not be determined. See tickets #10335 and #5846
"""
try:
encoding = locale.getdefaultlocale()[1] or 'ascii'
codecs.lookup(encoding)
except Exception:
encoding = 'ascii'
return encoding
DEFAULT_LOCALE_ENCODING = get_system_encoding()
import _winreg
try:
reg_key = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, "SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion")
if reg_key:
ProductName = _winreg.QueryValueEx(reg_key, "ProductName")[0] or None
EditionId = _winreg.QueryValueEx(reg_key, "EditionId")[0] or None
ReleaseId = _winreg.QueryValueEx(reg_key, "ReleaseId")[0] or None
BuildLabEx = _winreg.QueryValueEx(reg_key, "BuildLabEx")[0][:9] or None
return "%s, %s [%s]\r\nVersion %s (OS Internal Version %s)" % (
ProductName, EditionId, platform.version(), ReleaseId, BuildLabEx)
except Exception as e:
print e.message.decode(DEFAULT_LOCALE_ENCODING)
def getHostname():
return platform.node()
def getCPU():
return [x / 100.0 for x in psutil.cpu_percent(interval=0, percpu=True)]
def getLoadAverage():
import multiprocessing
k = 1.0
k /= multiprocessing.cpu_count()
if os.path.exists('/proc/loadavg'):
return [float(open('/proc/loadavg').read().split()[x]) * k for x in range(3)]
else:
tokens = subprocess.check_output(['uptime']).split()
return [float(x.strip(',')) * k for x in tokens[-3:]]
def getMemory():
v = psutil.virtual_memory()
return {
'used': v.total - v.available,
'free': v.available,
'total': v.total,
'percent': v.percent,
}
def getVirtualMemory():
v = psutil.swap_memory()
return {
'used': v.used,
'free': v.free,
'total': v.total,
'percent': v.percent
}
def getUptime():
uptime_file = "/proc/uptime"
if os.path.exists(uptime_file):
with open(uptime_file, 'r') as f:
return f.read().split(' ')[0].strip("\n")
else:
return time.time() - psutil.boot_time()
def getUptime2():
boot_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(psutil.boot_time()))
print "system start at: %s" % boot_time,
uptime_total_seconds = time.time() - psutil.boot_time()
uptime_days = int(uptime_total_seconds / 24 / 60 / 60)
uptime_hours = int(uptime_total_seconds / 60 / 60 % 24)
uptime_minutes = int(uptime_total_seconds / 60 % 60)
uptime_seconds = int(uptime_total_seconds % 60)
print "uptime: %d days %d hours %d minutes %d seconds" % (uptime_days, uptime_hours, uptime_minutes, uptime_seconds)
user_number = len(psutil.users())
print "%d user:" % user_number
print " \\"
for user_tuple in psutil.users():
user_name = user_tuple[0]
user_terminal = user_tuple[1]
user_host = user_tuple[2]
user_login_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(user_tuple[3]))
print " |- user online: %s, login from %s with terminal %s at %s" % (
user_name, user_host, user_terminal, user_login_time)
cpu_count = psutil.cpu_count()
try:
with open('/proc/loadavg', 'r') as f:
loadavg_c = f.read().split(' ')
loadavg = dict()
if loadavg_c is not None:
loadavg['lavg_1'] = loadavg_c[0]
loadavg['lavg_5'] = loadavg_c[1]
loadavg['lavg_15'] = loadavg_c[2]
loadavg['nr'] = loadavg_c[3]
loadavg['last_pid'] = loadavg_c[4]
print "load average: %s, %s, %s" % (loadavg['lavg_1'], loadavg['lavg_5'], loadavg['lavg_15'])
if float(loadavg['lavg_15']) > cpu_count:
print "Note: cpu 15 min load is high!"
if float(loadavg['lavg_5']) > cpu_count:
print "Note: cpu 5 min load is high!"
if float(loadavg['lavg_1']) > cpu_count:
print "Note: cpu 1 min load is high!"
except IOError:
pass
if __name__ == '__main__':
header = printHeader()
print header
system_load = str(getLoadAverage()).strip("[]")
user_logged_in = len(psutil.users())
info_of_root_partition = psutil.disk_usage("/")
percent_of_root_partition_usage = "%.2f%%" % (
float(info_of_root_partition.used) * 100 / float(info_of_root_partition.total))
total_size_of_root_partition = "%.2f" % (float(psutil.disk_usage("/").total / 1024) / 1024 / 1024)
memory_info = getMemory()
memory_usage = "%.2f%%" % (float(memory_info['used']) * 100 / float(memory_info['total']))
swap_info = getVirtualMemory()
swap_usage = "%.2f%%" % (float(swap_info['used']) * 100 / float(swap_info['total']))
local_ip_address = getLocalIP()
table = prettytable.PrettyTable(border=False, header=False, left_padding_width=2)
table.field_names = ["key1", "value1", "key2", "value2"]
table.add_row(["System load:", system_load, "Processes:", len(list(psutil.process_iter()))])
table.add_row(["Usage of /:", "%s of %sGB" % (percent_of_root_partition_usage, total_size_of_root_partition),
"Users logged in:", user_logged_in])
table.add_row(["Memory usage:", memory_usage, "IP address for %s:" % local_ip_address[0], local_ip_address[1]])
table.add_row(["Swap usage:", swap_usage, "", ""])
for field in table.field_names:
table.align[field] = "l"
print table.get_string()
getUser()
getUptime2()
已知存在問題:
1.暫時(shí)未實(shí)現(xiàn)獲取Windows下網(wǎng)卡的中文可視名稱
2.Windows下的tty名稱默認(rèn)為None,暫時(shí)沒有設(shè)置對用戶友好的顯示
3.Ubuntu Linux上motd信息的用戶登錄數(shù)量顯示為同一用戶同一個(gè)IP的多個(gè)用戶視為同一用戶,腳本中視為不同用戶
4.首次運(yùn)行可能需要安裝依賴的地方庫,如psutil、platform、prettytable、netifaces等,請使用easy_install、pip、conda等安裝。
5.其他的因?yàn)闀r(shí)間原因未指出和未實(shí)現(xiàn)的問題,歡迎在文章下面評論留言和在GitHub上提issue
tag:Python、Linux系統(tǒng)信息、Windows系統(tǒng)信息
來源:51CTO